AMIRAUSA

Service · 01

Petroleum

AMIRA and our industry partners hold long-standing refining expertise, having successfully delivered refining projects throughout the world — from conceptual, technical, and economic studies to revamps, expansions, and world-scale new builds. Our global engineering partner network lets us mobilize large teams quickly to meet the most demanding schedules.

Refining

We deliver high-quality, cost-effective refining solutions across the full project lifecycle. AMIRA has successfully completed refining engagements that range from conceptual, technical, and economic studies through revamps and expansions to world-scale new builds. Coupled with our global network of engineering partners, this lets us mobilize large teams very quickly to meet the most demanding schedules.

Oil refinery development & construction milestones

  • Complete contracting process for study — Phase 1
  • Funding in place for study — Phase 1
  • Technical, commercial & regulatory study — Phase 1 (Complete)
  • Independent third-party review of Phase 1 conclusions (Complete)
  • Sanction to proceed to Phase 2
  • FEED — Phase 2 (Complete)
  • Detailed Design — Phase 3 (Complete)
  • Procurement — Phase 4 (Complete)
  • Construction — Phase 5 (Complete)
  • Commissioning — Phase 6 (Complete)
  • First oil — Phase 7

Study: Phase 1

  • Surveys and data gathering — geographical, geotechnical, infrastructure (Genesis / Nexus or similar)
  • Conduct technical, commercial and regulatory study
  • Determine HSE sensitivities
  • Produce project development plan
  • Determine technical and commercial feasibility within P10 – P50 – P90 parameters
  • Create budget estimates for each project phase
  • List assumptions, risks and uncertainties
  • Compile study report and gather conclusions
  • Conduct independent third-party review of Phase 1 conclusions

FEED — Front-End Engineering Design: Phase 2

  • Civil works
  • Structural
  • Hydrocarbon transportation systems
  • Utility systems
  • Control, safety and loss-prevention systems
  • Loading systems
  • Fiscal metering
  • Production / process facilities
  • Licenses, permits and consents applications

Detailed Design: Phase 3

  • Civil works
  • Structural
  • Hydrocarbon transportation systems
  • Utility systems
  • Control, safety and loss-prevention systems
  • Loading systems
  • Fiscal metering
  • Production / process facilities
  • Engage certification society and independent third-party verification company
  • Create construction work packs
  • Create operations and maintenance procedures
  • Environmental impact statement
  • Operational safety case

Procurement: Phase 4

  • Create procurement plan
  • Identify equipment vendors
  • Establish vendor approval process
  • Order long-lead equipment and machinery
  • Create vendor audit and visit schedule
  • Expedite equipment delivery

Construction: Phase 5

  • Establish fabrication and construction services contracts
  • Establish construction camps and facilities
  • Ensure safety and technical training and qualifications are current and applied
  • Establish civil works infrastructure
  • Establish logistics and consumable supply lines
  • Deliver construction equipment and equipment support services
  • Commence construction
  • Create commissioning work packs

Commissioning: Phase 6

  • Develop commissioning plan and schedule
  • Engage commissioning sub-contractors and service providers
  • Establish plant mechanical completions systems and procedures (GOC)
  • Conduct commissioning activities to plan using commissioning work packs
  • Create certification packs
  • Conduct operator training program
  • System hand-over to operations

First Oil: Phase 7

  • Calibrate and commission fiscal metering systems
  • Purge and pressurize hydrocarbon envelope
  • Issue Production Operations Notices (PON)
  • Verify operation of all safety, fire, and explosion prevention and protection systems
  • Ready to operate

Oil drilling

Our industry partners have established their own training facility — an International Well Control Forum (IWCF) Assessment Center where they run IWCF-certified Well Control courses, IADC-certified RigPass courses, and Enform-certified H2S Alive courses (formerly PITS). The school also delivers courses for roughnecks, floormen, derrickmen, assistant drillers, drillers, mud operators, and other oil-field personnel.

Strategic goals

  • Provide integrated and individual services that meet customer requests and expectations
  • Expand, renew, and update equipment and technology
  • Cooperate with local companies in target countries
  • Form partnerships with other drilling and service companies as well as operators
  • Develop key personnel through in-house training and knowledge transfer
  • Continually improve all aspects of Health, Safety, Environment, and Quality, and expand the management information system
  • Strengthen market position and enhance growth on existing markets while winning new ones
  • Improve efficiency and profitability and ensure company growth

Policies

The most important policy statements we maintain are the Quality Management System Policy, the Health and Safety Policy, and the Environmental Policy — together providing compliance integrity within appropriate regulatory frameworks against the specifications required by the client and the applicable codes and standards for the equipment or deliverable being produced. Certification of equipment is performed by the chosen or appropriate certifying authority, covering quality assurance across every element of the delivery process.

  • Drilling services
  • Workover services
  • Well services
  • Engineering and maintenance
  • Project quality planning and auditing
  • Procedural compliance for engineering, procurement, and construction activities
  • Material compliance
  • Testing and measurement compliance
  • Certification validity verification
  • Operability of the deliverable
  • Reliability of the deliverable
  • Suitability and sufficiency of the deliverable for the intended operational context
  • A.T. development
  • Commissioning procedures
  • Management of change
  • Document management and control
  • Training and hand-over to operations interface management
  • Qualifications of personnel
  • Contractual integrity
  • Commercial integrity
  • Permits and consents applications
  • Logistics

HSE integrity

AMIRA and our industry partners provide, apply, and manage the proper planning and reporting of every project — from contract award to hand-over to operations — using a range of planning tools and the practices below.

  • Project HSE plan production
  • Procedural education and compliance
  • Training and certification of personnel
  • PPE compliance
  • Safety auditing and measurement
  • Risk assessment
  • Technical safety engineering
  • Safety equipment and systems engineering
  • IPF / SIL assessment (where appropriate)
  • Registers of safety-related devices

Oil block development

Our team of experts is available to evaluate positional oil blocks and translate them into commercially viable investment opportunities. Once promising producing properties are selected, we generate the funding required to undertake the three stages of Exploration, Development, and Production.

Exploration

Exploration searches underground for oil and gas discovery and evaluates each find. After a licensed block is acquired, we conduct terrestrial geological surveys, aerial photography, satellite imaging, gravity / magnetic surveys, and seismic surveys before any drilling decision. Once oil or gas is confirmed by an exploration well, an appraisal well evaluates the extent of the discovery — including 2D and 3D seismic data — to substantiate the technical and commercial potential.

  • Proven reserves
  • Probable reserves
  • Possible reserves
  • Drilling depth
  • All other relevant technical data

Development

Once a field is judged commercially developable, we design and construct oil and gas processing, pipelines, storage and offloading facilities, and drill production wells. For large gas fields we evaluate whether LNG (liquefied natural gas) is the right development option — LNG requires large-scale liquefaction plants and exporting facilities, so securing long-term customers must run in parallel. For extra-heavy oil like Canadian oilsands, we may build an upgrader (reforming device) to convert low-grade heavy oil to high-grade light oil.

  • Test well drilling
  • Organize or purchase a publicly traded shell company
  • Operational funding for underwriter — prospectus issuance, share and legal registrations, and stock exchange listings
  • Third-party opinion and discoveries documentation
  • Infrastructure building and development
  • Farm-out
  • Sale of shares

Production

Crude oil and natural gas production starts through the facilities built in the development stage, following trial operations. Because subsurface reserves decline as production continues, securing new licensed blocks is essential to ensure future discoveries.

Definition of oil reserves

Oil reserves are primarily a measure of geological risk — the probability of oil existing and being producible under current economic conditions using current technology. The three categories generally used are proven, probable, and possible reserves.

Reserve methodology

  • Proven reserves (1P / P90) — oil and gas "reasonably certain" to be producible using current technology at current prices, with current commercial terms and government consent (90% certainty)
  • Probable reserves (2P / P50) — "reasonably probable" of being produced using current or likely technology (50% certainty); known as proven plus probable
  • Possible reserves (3P / P10) — "having a chance of being developed under favorable circumstances" (10% certainty); known as proven plus probable plus possible

Reserve booking

Oil and gas reserves are the main asset of an oil company — booking is the process by which they are added to the balance sheet, per rules developed by the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE). Reserves for any company listed on the New York Stock Exchange must be stated to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; in many cases reported reserves are audited by external geologists, although this is not a legal requirement. The SEC rejects the probability concept and prohibits companies from mentioning probable and possible reserves in their filings, so official estimates of proven reserves will always be understated against what companies believe actually exists. For practical purposes companies use proven plus probable (2P), and for long-term planning they look primarily at possible reserves. Other countries maintain their own authorities — Russia's State Commission on Mineral Reserves (GKZ), for example — to which operators must report.